PASSE, SIMON ; also VAN DE PAS or PASS, PASSAEUS (Dutch). A famous Engraver, born at Utrecht circ. 1574, came to England about 1613, and worked there for ten years; then entered the service of the King of Denmark at Copenhagen where he remained until his death (about 1644, certainly not later than 15. July 1647). He was the youngest son of Crispin (or Crispiaen) van de Pas (or Passe), a clever Line-engraver, and a brother of Crispin who worked both at Paris and Amsterdam, and of William, who also found employment in England. In London Simon Passe worked for Nicholas Hilliard from whom he received a licence to engrave counters of the Royal Family. Amongst his earliest works, mentioned by Lionel Cust, are Portraits of Henry, Prince of Wales, dated 1612; Sir Thomas Overbury, 1613 ; and a few other engravings, including a portrait of Goltzius, 1614. In 1616 he executed an equestrian portrait of Anne of Denmark, with portraits of various courtiers. In 1618 he contributed to the ' Bazilicologia ' and ' Herwologia' in 1622. Simon Passe's work was continued by his pupils, John Payne, and David Loggan. Of his numerous prints, his Portraits are the best ; but he engraved also several sacred subjects, frontispieces, and other plates for books. Williamson's ed. of Bryan's Dictionary of Painters, 1905, gives the following as his most esteemed prints: Queen Elizabeth; full length; — James I., crowned, sitting in a chair; — Similar, wearing hat; — Charles I., when Prince Charles; — Anne, Queen of James I., on horseback, with view of Windsor; — Prince Henry with a lance; — Philip III., King of Spain; — Maria of Austria, his daughter (two varieties) — General Edward Cecil, son of the Earl of Exeter ; — George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham ; — Launcelot Andrews, Bishop of Ely, 1618; — William Burton, physician, 1620; — Robert Carre, Earl of Somerset ; — Frances Howard, Countess of Somerset ; — Francis Manners, Earl of Rutland ; — James Hay, Lord Saley, afterwards Earl of Carlisle; — Thomas, Earl of Arundel; after Mierwelt ;— Sir Walter Raleigh ;— John King, Bishop of London ; — Sir Thomas Smith, ambassador to Russia ; — William, Earl of Pembroke ; after Van Somer ; — Richard, Earl of Dorset ; — Archbishop Abbot, with a View of Lambeth ; — Robert Sidney, Viscount Lisle ; — Charles, Earl of Nottingham ; — Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke; — Henry Wriothesly, Earl of Southampton; — Edward Somerset, Earl of Worcester ; — Count Gondomar, Spanish ambassador to the English Court ; — Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, inscribed Liberum Belgium; — Large Head of Christian IV. of Denmark ; — Sir Thomas Overbury ; — Captain John Smith ; — Four whole-length Portraits of Dukes of Burgundy; John the Intrepid, Philip the Bold, Philip the Good, and Charles the Rash ; — Christ with the disciples at Emmaüs, &c. Walpole adds a number of others, some about the Engraver of which he was not quite certain. Most of the Counters issued during the reign of James I. were produced by Simon Passe, who had received a licence from Nicholas Hilliard (q. v.) “These Counters", says Mr. H. A. Grueber, "are stamped in imitation of engraving. They were, used as Markers or Counters "for reckoning and for play". They appear to have been issued in sets of thirty-six, composed either of pieces of different types or of repetitions of the same type. The period over which the issue of these pieces ranges is from 1616 to 1638, the earlier date corresponding with that when Simon Passe commenced his portraits of various members of the Royal Family and others (Med. Ill., I, 375). These Counters comprise the following Portrait-pieces : James I. and Prince Charles (several varieties); — Charles I. and Henrietta Maria (sev. var.) ; — Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, and his Queen Maria Eleonora ; — Set of thirty-six Portraits of Sovereigns of England, from Edward the Confessor to Charles I., and others of Henry, Earl of Darnley; Mary, Queen of Scots; Anne of Denmark; Henry, Prince of Wales; Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I.; Charles (II), as Prince of Wales ; Frederick and Elizabeth of Bohemia, and their son, Charles Louis; — Set of thirty-six Portraits of English Sovereigns, and others of Philip II. of Spain; Henry IV. of France; Marie de Medicis; James (II) as Duke of York; Frederick and Elizabeth of Bohemia as Count and Countess Palatine; Bernhard, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, &c. Some of these Counters bear dates posterior to Simon Passe's sojourn in England, and are probably not by him, but by his pupils. Many were executed at a later date, after his originals. The earliest seem to have been engraved by hand, and are of great beauty and value. Of greater merit still are Passe's Medallic Portraits, engraved, or stamped in imitation of engraving, on oval silver plates, many of which bear the artist's signature : Si. Pas. fc. ; — S. P. fc. ; — Simon Passaeus sculp. ; — Si: Pa : fec. — S. P. sc. ; — S. P. ; — Simon Passaeus fecit ; — Sim : Passaeus sculpsit ; Simon Passaeus sculpsit Lo=, etc. Among these are : Portrait-plaque of Queen Elizabeth, copied from a miniature by Isaac Oliver; the Queen is in the dress that she wore when she went in state to St. Paul's after the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The inscription is said to have been the impromptu production of a Westminster scholar, Elizabeth herself having proposed her armorial bearings as the subject of an epigram. Another scholar deserved much credit for his prompt translation : " May Juda's lyon and the root of Jesse. Protect thy Lyons and thy flowers, Sweet Bess. " There are varieties; — James I. ; obv. Bust, three-quarters to r. ; R. Shield of arms (Two varieties; one signed : SP (in mon.) fe., and the other, Simon Passaeus sculp.); — Another; King wears hat; — Queen Anne; obv. Bust, three quarters to 1. ; R. Armorial shield of Anne (Varieties exist made after this at a later date); — Charles, Prince of Wales, 1616 (2 var.); — James I., Anne, and Prince Charles, 1616 (illustrated); — Frederick, Count Palatine, Elizabeth, and son, 1616 (a specimen in the Erbstein Sale, May 1908, was purchased by Messrs Spink for 500 Marks; — Maria, Infanta of Spain, 1616 (signed ; Simon Pass: fecit Lond.); — George Villiers, Marquis of Buckingham, 1618; — Richard Sackville, Earl of Dorset; — Uncertain Portrait: R. Motto on scroll : vincenti dabitvr (Med. III., I, 232.94) ; — Henry IV. and Marie de Médicis; signed on both sides (from Baron Pichon's collection, 1899; published by M. Ad. Blanchet, Proc?sverbaux de la — Société francaise de Numismatique, 1905, pp. XXIX-XXXII); Charles I. ;obv. Bust, three quarters to l.; nc R; — Charles I., as Prince Charles, 1616 (illustrated); — Maurice, Prince of Orange, 1616; — James I. and Prince Charles, counters (sev. var.); — Ph?nix Medalet of Elizabeth, circ. 1590 (by Passe or Hilliard); — Charles I. (as Prince of Wales), 1626 (a specimen in the Berlin Museum, signed : Si. Pa. fec. anno 1626 .Nagler, Mon.V, 17.100). There exists a large number of imitations of these Plaques by Simon, some even in gold. His style was copied by other artists of the seventeenth century and later. A medalet in the British Museum, with the portrait of Guatavus Adolphus of Sweden, of the same style and work, bears W S in monogram, which may represent the initials of the artist Walter Schultz. A Portrait-plaque of the same King, unsigned, and also after Passe, was formerly in the Schultze, and Wunderli von Muralt collections, and is now in that of Messrs Spink and Son Ld. It has been suggested that Simon Passe's Plaques were originally intended for printing plates. Some appear to have been engraved by hand, and others were struck in imitation of engraving. Excepting the counters, his works are very rare, and obtain high prices. Bibliography. — L. Cust, Simon Vande Pass, in Lee's Dict. Nat. Biog., XLIII. p. 443. — Franken, L'?uvre gravé des Van de Passe. — Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting, ed. Wornum. — Dodd, Manuscript History of English Engravers (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 35403). — Bryan's Dictionary of Painters, ed. Williamson, V, p. 233. — Cochran Patrick, Medals of Scotland, 1884. — Nagler, Monogrammisten, 1881. — Catalogus der Nederlandsche en op Nederland betrekking hebbende Gedenkpenningen , I, 1903. — Rondot and De La Tour, op. cit. — Christian Kramm, De Levens en Werken der Hollandsche en Vlaamsche Kunstschilders, Beeldhouwers, Graveurs en Bouwmeesters, Amsterdam, 1860.
Source: Biographical dictionary of medallists; coin, gem, and seal-engravers, mint-masters, ancient and modern, with references to their works B.C. 500-A.D. 1900; compiled by L. Forrer, London 1904
Source: Biographical dictionary of medallists; coin, gem, and seal-engravers, mint-masters, ancient and modern, with references to their works B.C. 500-A.D. 1900; compiled by L. Forrer, London 1904
ONGHENA, CHARLES
ONGHENA, CHARLES (Belg.). Goldsmith, Sculptor, Line-and Copper-plate Engraver, born at Ghent, 6. June 1806, died 16. December 1886. In 1822, he executed his first medallion, a head of Ceres, after a drawing by F. Braemt ; two years later he produced a fine bust of Napoleon I. His work is very varied. He engraved over a thousand copper-plates, especially reproductions of pictures, works of art, coins and medals. By hi me arengraved medallic Portraits of : Dr P. J. van Baveghem, Brussels; — Dr J...
[ More about ONGHENA, CHARLES ]
ONGHENA, CHARLES (Belg.). Goldsmith, Sculptor, Line-and Copper-plate Engraver, born at Ghent, 6. June 1806, died 16. December 1886. In 1822, he executed his first medallion, a head of Ceres, after a drawing by F. Braemt ; two years later he produced a fine bust of Napoleon I. His work is very varied. He engraved over a thousand copper-plates, especially reproductions of pictures, works of art, coins and medals. By hi me arengraved medallic Portraits of : Dr P. J. van Baveghem, Brussels; — Dr J...
[ More about ONGHENA, CHARLES ]
ORCHARD, ROBERT
ORCHARD, ROBERT (Brit.), Issuer of Tokens, who was residing in London, towards the end of the eighteenth century and early part of the nineteenth. Mr. A. W. Waters has published in the Numismatic Circular, Vol. XV, p. 9728, the portrait of Orchard reproduced above. No engraver's or publisher's name occurs upon the plate ; the coin shown at the bottom is his Farthing, (as Atkins, page 143, no. 763). The inscription reads orchard No. 34 greek street, CORNER OF CHURCH STREET, SOHO, LONDON, GROCER ...
[ More about ORCHARD, ROBERT ]
ORCHARD, ROBERT (Brit.), Issuer of Tokens, who was residing in London, towards the end of the eighteenth century and early part of the nineteenth. Mr. A. W. Waters has published in the Numismatic Circular, Vol. XV, p. 9728, the portrait of Orchard reproduced above. No engraver's or publisher's name occurs upon the plate ; the coin shown at the bottom is his Farthing, (as Atkins, page 143, no. 763). The inscription reads orchard No. 34 greek street, CORNER OF CHURCH STREET, SOHO, LONDON, GROCER ...
[ More about ORCHARD, ROBERT ]
ORLANDI, GUIDO
ORLANDI, GUIDO (ltal.). Forger of coins, of Mantua. While in prison at Mantua, 1848, he was entrusted with the cutting of the dies for the obsidional currency issued by General Count Gorzkowski, which consisted of 4000 Gulden, 8000 Zwanziger, and a few hundred Groschen. These coins, which exhibit superficial and rough work, resemble forgeries. Bibliography. — Num. Zeitschrift, 1874/75, p. 274 sqq. — H. Cubasch, Die Münzen unter der Regierung des Kaisers Franz Joseph l.,Mitth. des Klubs, 1895, p....
[ More about ORLANDI, GUIDO ]
ORLANDI, GUIDO (ltal.). Forger of coins, of Mantua. While in prison at Mantua, 1848, he was entrusted with the cutting of the dies for the obsidional currency issued by General Count Gorzkowski, which consisted of 4000 Gulden, 8000 Zwanziger, and a few hundred Groschen. These coins, which exhibit superficial and rough work, resemble forgeries. Bibliography. — Num. Zeitschrift, 1874/75, p. 274 sqq. — H. Cubasch, Die Münzen unter der Regierung des Kaisers Franz Joseph l.,Mitth. des Klubs, 1895, p....
[ More about ORLANDI, GUIDO ]
ORMONDE, JAMES
ORMONDE, JAMES Marquis, then Duke of (Brit.) Viceroy of Ireland, appointed in November 1643. He issued a series of coins, which received the name of " Ormonde Money". " It was ordered by a letter of Charles I. of the 25th May, 1643, addressed to the Lords Justices, and was made current by proclamation at Dublin on the 8th July following ".The letter of the King directs that "the plate should be melted down and coined into five shillings, half-crowns, twelvepences and sixpences or any less values...
[ More about ORMONDE, JAMES ]
ORMONDE, JAMES Marquis, then Duke of (Brit.) Viceroy of Ireland, appointed in November 1643. He issued a series of coins, which received the name of " Ormonde Money". " It was ordered by a letter of Charles I. of the 25th May, 1643, addressed to the Lords Justices, and was made current by proclamation at Dublin on the 8th July following ".The letter of the King directs that "the plate should be melted down and coined into five shillings, half-crowns, twelvepences and sixpences or any less values...
[ More about ORMONDE, JAMES ]